What is an LED? LED stands for "Light Emitting Diode". It is not a bulb, it does not use a filament. It is a plastic-sealed semi-conductor with phosphorous coating that produces light. The LED itself is a solid-state electronic device. LEDs are highly efficient and made without glass. Light beam is not created by heat, it is emitted directly from electrons (cold light). LED Technology Measures of Comparison Millimeter: Indicates the size of the LED in diameter. Watts: Measures the electrical power consumption by a light. Lumens: Most dependable measure of a light’s true output. The “standard” in light output. Lux (lx): Measure of the illuminance, shows how many lumens per square meter are reaching a certain surface. The Lux value is the most common known photometric unit and indicates very clearly the lighting condition at a special location. Candela (cd): Unit of the luminous intensity. It’s the power emitted by a light source in a particular direction. A common candle emits light with a luminous intensity of roughly one candela (=1 lx in distance of 1 metre). LEDs vs. Incandescent Bulbs High Performance LEDs 5mm / Standard LEDs Incandescent Bulbs Virtually shatter-proof and since they don’t heat up they are very safe, won’t crack and are vibration-resistant (highly shock-resistant) Very strong, white light (high color temperature) High Performance LED last up to 50,000 hours Due to high performance suitable for long distances Focusing possible High efficiency because of power consumption vs. true light output Virtually shatter-proof and since they don’t heat up they are very safe, won’t crack and are vibration-resistant (extremely resistant to shocks) Light is much whiter, sometimes slightly blue (high color temperature) LED essentially lasts for the lifetime (up to 100,000 hours) For activities at a short distance (low performance approx. 150mW) Providing longer battery runtime due to high energy efficiency at lower performance Can break quite easily Light tends to be slightly red/yellow (low color temperature) Bulb life cycle only 20 - 30 hours (the filament is subject to wear; it vaporizes over the course of its life) Shorter battery life due to extremely high power consumption Comparison of operation costs in 200 hours of service 2AA 5mm LED Flashlight 0 bulbs 40-45 hrs runtime per battery set ~ ca. 10 AA batteries/200hrs. Estimated costs*: ~ 6% * Relating to end-consumer price   2AA Incandescent Bulb Flashlight 10 bulbs 2-3 hrs runtime per battery set ~ ca. 160 AA batteries/200 hrs. Estimated costs*: ~ 100% LEDs: The lightsource of the future In 2015 about 98% of all flashlights sold will be equipped with LEDs.   What makes LEDs so special? The advantages of the LED flashlight speak for themselves: up to 5x brighter light output up to 10x longer battery runtime than conventional incandescent bulb flashlights.   * according to new ANSI FL1 Standard Now better than ever before: The new LED technology from VARTA           Luminosity (approx.)  180 lumens  80 lumens  32 lumens  4 lumens  Technology (approx.)  4 Watt LED  1 Watt LED  0.5 Watt LED  5 mm LED

benefits OF LEDs Durable and virtually unbreakable Extremely energy efficient Resistant to heat, cold and shock LEDs last 50,000 - 100,000 hours